من هم اول مشاهير علماء الطب

• Ibn Sina.
• Ibn al-Nafis.
• Abu Bakr al-Razi.
• Ibn al-Bitar al-Andalus.
• Ibn al-Haytham.
• Canadian.
• Charles Best.
• Louis Pasteur.
• Alexander Fleming.
• Anthony van Leeuwenhoek.

Below we mention each medical scientist separately, including his biography, and his most important works and writings:

Ibn Sina

He is the Muslim scholar Al-Hussein bin Abdullah bin Al-Hassan bin Ali bin Sina, his nickname is Ibn Sina and his nickname is Abi Ali. He was born in 980 AD in the village of Bukhari in the State of Uzbekistan. He is on the Shiite sect, so his father used to take him to attend all the meetings that belong to them on this sect, and he completed the memorization of the Noble Qur’an in his tenth year.

He was distinguished by extreme intelligence, as he excelled in the study of many sciences besides medicine, such as: philosophy and literature, so he was also called the second teacher after Aristotle and Al-Farabi. Scholars at that time focused on Ibn Sina’s attitudes towards atheism because of his great knowledge and his response came with his famous saying My faith in God is unshakable; If you are an infidel, there is not a single true Muslim on the face of the earth. He wrote many books in the field of medicine, philosophy and other sciences, leaving nearly 200 books, and was famous for his love of doing good, so he treated all patients free of charge.[1]

His most important works

He discovered and diagnosed many diseases, and his most important discoveries are:

• He was the one who discovered the roundworm and knew the symptoms of infection and reached the treatment, and this discovery was recorded in his most famous book “The Canon of Medicine” in the chapter on intestinal worms.
• He was the first to discover the causes of stroke, which made him superior to the Greek scientists in this discovery.
• He was able to describe meningitis.
• He was able to clarify the difference between the symptoms of intestinal colic and renal colic.
• He was the first to take care of packaging pills.
• He was the first to discover the symptoms caused by clinical bladder stones in a very precise way.
• He was able to identify and describe many diseases that afflict women, such as: haemorrhage resulting from postpartum bleeding and fibroids that affect the uterus.
• The first thing that was discovered was that determining the sex of a newborn belongs to men, not women, and this is what modern science has confirmed.
• And he conducted a scientific study through which he was able to find ways to treat and stop bleeding, whether by ligation, or caustic medicine, or by cauterizing with fire, or by applying pressure to the bleeding sweat, or using a wick.
• He was also skilled in surgery.

His most important books

• Cardiovascular medicine book.
• Law book in medicine.
• A message in the anatomy of organs.
• coli book.
• Message in Food and Drugs.

He died in the year 437 AH corresponding to the year 1037 AD after a struggle with illness, as it was said that he was sick for a week and healed for a week, and he died at the age of 58 in Hamadan, which is located in the state of Iran.

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Ibn al-Nafis

he is Abu Al-Hassan Alaa Al-Din Ibn Abi Al-Hazm, known as “Ibn Al-Nafis”, was born in the Iraqi city of Damascus in 607 AH corresponding to the year 1216 AD. And philosophy as well, as he was known for his ingenuity and speed in writing, as he left many books and books in all areas in which he excelled.

He worked as a doctor at the beginning of his life in the Iraqi capital, Damascus, then moved to Cairo, and was appointed head of Al-Mansouri Hospital, and he was also appointed dean of Egyptian doctors as well. Ibn al-Nafis was called by many titles, including the Egyptian, the discoverer of the blood circulation, and the genius of medicine, as Ibn Sina II called him.[2]

his discoveries

• Find out that The heart is nourished by all the arteries of the body.
• He discovered that all the veins and arteries in the lungs are connected to each other.
• He also discovered that the walls of the lungs’ veins are larger than the arteries in them.
• Find out that there is no outlet between the right ventricle and the left ventricle of the heart.
• Confirm that the heart consists of only two hollows.

His most famous books

• The comprehensive book on medicine, in which he collected everything he reached in this field.
• The polite book on tried kohl, which he devoted to talking about eye diseases.
• Explanation of the ills and causes of disease.
• Food Choice Book.
• A book explaining the anatomy of the law of Ibn Sina.

Ibn al-Nafis died in 1287 AD.

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Abu Bakr al-Razi

Abu Bakr Al-Razi was born in the year 865 AD, and he is Abu Bakr Muhammad Al-Razi, one of the most famous Muslim scholars in the field of medicine, in addition to his knowledge of many other sciences such as chemistry and others. The field of medicine is for all the scholars of his time, and all his books are still being studied in many universities until now. Where he was able to diagnose many diseases and discover their treatment, as he discovered many treatments for many incurable diseases, and translated all his books into Latin and many languages ​​​​after that.[3]

his works

He has had many discoveries and useful works in the field of medicine since ancient times until the present time, the most important of which are the following:

• He is the first to invent medical sutures that are used in surgical procedures from animal skins.
• He created many ointments that treat many diseases.
• He was keen to follow up all the medical cases he treated after treatment.
• He gave great attention to herbal medicine.

His writings

He left us a great wealth of books and literature in many sciences, especially the field of medicine, and his most important works are the following:

• Among his books in the field of medicine is the book Al-Hawi in the field of medicine, the book on phlebotomy. Cupping, and its adequate author on medicine.
• Al-Mansoori’s book, which is considered one of his most famous books, in which he collected many fields such as: medicine, chemistry and pharmacology, which he presented to Mansour Amir Khorasan.
• As for his books in the field of chemistry, including the yellow stone, the secret of the secrets.
• His scientific works are the book of the world body, and the layers of vision.
• In the field of philosophy, he wrote many books, including the educational introduction, the ethics of medicine, and the introduction to logic.

Abu Bakr Al-Razi suffered from a weakness in his eyesight that ended in losing his sight in the last days of his life, as none of the doctors could cure him until he died in 923 AD, when he was buried in the village of Rai.

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Ibn al-Bitar al-Andalus

He is Dia Al-Din Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Ahmed Al-Malqi, where he goes back to the city of Malaga in his hometown in Andalusia. Al-Bitar was born in 1197 AD, and he was interested in botany, so he was known as a vegetarian because he was collecting plants and medicinal herbs for study and extracting medicines from them. He reached the study and knowledge of more than 300 types of herbs that no scientist was able to discover.[4]

His writings

He has many books on natural botany, including the following:

• The Collective Book of Medicines and Food Vocabulary, which is one of the most important rare books that include many plants and nearly 1,400 animal and plant medicines.
• A book of barbarism and an explanation of plant and animal medicines.
• Most famously written by the doctor balance.
• The Book of Expression and Media.

Al-Bitar died in 1248 AD in the Iraqi capital, Damascus.

Ibn al-Haytham

He is Abu al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham, born in 354 AH in the city of Basra in Iraq. He was distinguished by his strong intelligence. Besides medicine, he studied many other sciences, the most important of which is mathematics. He also helped correct many wrong medical beliefs. He studied light and its mode of transmission, analyzed colors, and discovered The property of refraction of light and the deflection of the image when any light ray passes through it, which facilitated the study of visual science. He studied everything related to mathematics and related to trigonometry and all the mathematical theories related to it.[5]

His writings

Al-Bitar has authored a large number of books, the most important of which are the following:

• Surveying assets book.
• Triangle columns.
• Scenery book.
• Explanation of Euclid’s Origins.
• Shadows book.

Al-Bitar died in the year 430 AH in the Egyptian capital, Cairo.

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Canadian

He is Abu Yusuf Yaqoub Ibn Ishaq Al-Sabah Al-Kindi, born in the Iraqi city of Kufa, and moved after his father’s death to Basra with his mother, and he was known for his prowess in many sciences such as medicine, philosophy, astronomy and physics. The number of books that Al-Kindi authored in various fields is about 241 books, in addition to about 50 authors in philosophy and a group of books on logic, but it is unfortunate that most of his books have been lost and only about 50 books remain, and he also wrote about 12 books in science Mathematics, and Al-Kindi died in science 873 due to a disease in his knee and reached his brain at the age of 70 years.[6]

Charles Best

He is an American scientist of Canadian origin who studied medicine at the Canadian University of Toronto, and then specialized in the study of physiology and biochemistry. One of his most important discoveries in the field of medicine with a group of scientists is the hormone insulin, which revolutionized the treatment of diabetes and saved millions of patients around the world.[7]

Louis Pasteur

He is one of the most famous scientists in the field of medicine. He is of French nationality. He is credited with laying the first building blocks in bacteriology. One of his most important works is the “pasteurization” technique, where his name was given to it. This technique relies on eliminating all germs and bacteria that are found in food and drinks, as well as He discovered many important chemical phenomena, as he was the first to discover that the fermentation process is carried out by a group of microscopic organisms, so he was the first to lay the foundations of the theory of germ disease and bacteriology.[8]

Alexander Fleming

He is a Scottish scientist who was the first to discover antibiotics, in addition to his interest in pharmacology, biology and plants as well, and he discovered one of the most important medical discoveries, the anti-penicillin, which made a change in the discoveries of antibiotics, as this discovery helped save the lives of millions of people in the world since Your discovery so far, the scientist Alexander Fleming was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine, and was ranked among the list of the best historical figures in the world for his achievements in the field of medicine.[9]

The pseudobody cavity is formed between the middle and outer layers.

Anthony van Leeuwenhoek

counts the world The Dutchman, Anthony, is one of the most famous medical scientists throughout history. He is the first to discover microbes, which are microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye, and Leeuwenhoek is the first scientist to provide an accurate description of red blood cells. Anthony lived about 90 years and spent most of them in Research in the field of medicine, where he discovered many useful scientific tools in the field of medicine, the most important of which is the invention of the optical microscope, which was able to see through microscopic microbes, which enabled him to record his first observations of microbes in 1674 AD.[10]

And at the end of our topic, we have collected a group Who are the first famous medical scientists?, where there are many scientists in this field and their discoveries have changed the world and discovered many treatments and diagnosed many diseases and the discovery of some treatments led to saving millions of patients around the world.